Asian Journal of Research in Surgery

Recurrent spontaneous idiopathic pneumoperitoneum is a rare and perplexing condition that challenges conventional diagnostic and management strategies. This case report details the clinical presentation and management of a 48-year-old Saudi male who experienced two episodes of pneumoperitoneum without an identifiable cause. Initially presenting with upper abdominal pain and confirmed free intraperitoneal air via imaging, the patient underwent extensive laparoscopic and open surgical exploration, which failed to reveal any source of the pneumoperitoneum. Six months later, the patient experienced a recurrence, and a conservative management approach was adopted, resulting in successful recovery without surgical intervention. This report underscores the importance of a meticulous diagnostic approach and highlights the potential for conservative management in selected cases of recurrent spontaneous idiopathic pneumoperitoneum, emphasizing the need for individualized patient care and further research into the pathophysiology of this rare condition.